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Test No. 306: Biodegradability in Seawater
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ISBN: 9789264070486 Year: 1992 Publisher: Paris : OECD Publishing,

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Abstract

This Test Guideline describes two methods for biodegradability in seawater. The shake flask method consists on dissolution of a pre-determined amount of the test substance in the test medium to yield a concentration of 5-40 mg/l dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Five flasks, at least, should be used: two for the test suspension, two for the blank and one for procedure control. The solution of the test substance in the test medium is incubated, under agitation in the dark or in diffuse light under aerobic conditions, at a fixed temperature which will normally be within the range 15-20°C. The recommended maximum test duration is about 60 days. Degradation is followed by DOC measurements (ultimate degradation) and, in some cases, by specific analysis (primary degradation). The closed bottle method consists on dissolution of a pre-determined amount of the test substance in the test medium in a concentration of usually 2-10 mg/l (one or more concentrations may be used).The solution is kept in a filled closed bottle in the dark in a constant temperature bath or enclosure controlled within a range of 15-20°C. The degradation is followed by oxygen analyses over a 28-day period but if the blank biological oxygen demand value remains within the 30 per cent limit, the test could be prolonged. Twenty-four bottles at least are used (8 for test substance, 8 for reference compound and 8 for sweater plus nutriment). All analyses are performed on duplicate bottles. Four determinations of dissolved oxygen, at least, are performed (day 0, 5, 15 and 28) using a chemical or electrochemical method.


Book
Test No. 302B: Inherent Biodegradability: Zahn-Wellens/ EVPA Test
Authors: ---
ISBN: 9789264070387 Year: 1992 Publisher: Paris : OECD Publishing,

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This Test Guideline describes the Zahn-Wellens/EMPA Test. It is used to determine inherent biodegradability. A mixture containing the non-volatile and water soluble test substance, mineral nutrients and a relatively large amount of activated sludge in aqueous medium is agitated and aerated at 20-25°C in the dark or in diffuse light, for up to 28 days. Blank controls, containing activated sludge and mineral nutrients but no test substance, are run in parallel. The functional capability of the activated sludge is tested using a reference compound (ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, lauryl sulfonate or aniline). In a typical run 1 or 2 vessels for the test suspension and for the inoculum blank, 1 for procedure control are used. The biodegradation process is monitored by determination of DOC, Dissolved Organic Carbon, (or COD, Chemical Oxygen Demand) in filtered samples, taken at daily or other time intervals. It is mandatory to follow DOC in the test suspension and inoculum blanks in parallel. The ratio of eliminated DOC (or COD), corrected for the blank, after each time interval, to the initial DOC value is expressed as the percentage biodegradation at the sampling time. The percentage biodegradation is plotted against time to give the biodegradation curve. The test is considered valid if the procedural control shows the removal of the reference compound by at least 70% within 14d and if DOC (or COD) in the test suspension is removed relatively gradually over days or weeks, since this indicates biodegradation.

RECYCLED PAPERS THE ESSENTIAL GUIDE
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ISBN: 0262700468 Year: 1992 Publisher: Cambridge The MIT Press


Book
De marmerkunst : (tot versiering der boeksnede) : eene handleiding tot practische beoefening der marmerkunst naar Halfer's methode.
Authors: --- --- ---
ISBN: 9080097217 Year: 1992 Publisher: Dodewaard Atelier De Distelkamp

Japan statistical yearbook.
Author:
ISSN: 03899004 ISBN: 4620850012 4822312046 4822310531 4822309819 4822311686 4822306704 4822307654 4822313905 4822315827 4822327043 4822317714 4822331350 4822329062 4822329593 482231846X 4822329593 4822324745 4822323382 4822320243 9784822333676 4620850055 4620850071 4620850063 462085011X 4620850101 4620850144 4620850039 4620850020 4620850136 4620850128 9784620850177 4620850160 Year: 1992 Publisher: Tokyo Statistics Bureau

Handbook of organic analytical reagents
Authors: ---
ISBN: 0849342872 131514056X 1351457217 9781315140568 9781351457217 9780849342875 Year: 1992 Publisher: Boca Raton, FL CRC Press

Lessons of economic stabilization and its aftermath
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ISBN: 0262023245 9780262023245 Year: 1992 Publisher: Cambridge (Mass.) MIT press

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Keywords

338.22 --- 338.12 --- Economic stabilization --- -Economic stabilization --- -Adjustment, Economic --- Business stabilization --- Economic adjustment --- Stabilization, Economic --- Economic policy --- 338.12 Conjunctuurbewegingen. Economische fluctuatie. Investeringscycli. Conjunctuuranalyse. Conjunctuuronderzoek. Conjunctuurprognoses --- Conjunctuurbewegingen. Economische fluctuatie. Investeringscycli. Conjunctuuranalyse. Conjunctuuronderzoek. Conjunctuurprognoses --- 338.22 Economische organisatieleer. Economisch beleid. Economische politiek --- Economische organisatieleer. Economisch beleid. Economische politiek --- Congresses --- -338.12 Conjunctuurbewegingen. Economische fluctuatie. Investeringscycli. Conjunctuuranalyse. Conjunctuuronderzoek. Conjunctuurprognoses --- Adjustment, Economic --- CL / Chile - Chili --- Papers of a conference held in Jerusalem, January 1990. --- 331.33 --- 333.841 --- 338.340 --- AA / International- internationaal --- AR / Argentina - Argentinië - Argentine --- BO / Bolivia - Bolivie --- BR / Brazil - Brazilië - Brésil --- IL / Israel --- LAM / Latin America - Latijns Amerika - Amérique Latine --- MX / Mexico - Mexique --- NBB congres --- Papers of a conference held in Jerusalem, January 1990 --- TR / Turkey - Turkije - Turquie --- YU / Yugoslavia - Yougoslavie --- Structureel beleid. Reglementering. Dereglementering. Ordnungspolitik --- Inflatie --- Algemene ontwikkeling in de Derde Wereld --- Conferences - Meetings --- Economic stabilization - Congresses


Book
Old & Rare : basic knowledge of paperhistory necessary for the determination of old and rare paper
Authors: ---
ISBN: 9090054685 Year: 1992 Publisher: Velzen Royal Dutch Papermill Van Gelder

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